Strike up the band essays

Strike up the band articles A live show is the best thing to see for the fan and to encounter for the band. In any case, there is a ton of work that goes into the live show that ought not go unnoticed by the band. The band needs to show up on schedule. The procedure of mic-ing the gear accurately and the craftsmen ought to keep in mind the estimation of a decent stable beware of stage. After that the genuine sound check in the scene will happen. On the off chance that all works out positively, it will be a memorable encounter for both the supporters and the craftsmen. For the show to start on schedule, the band ought to show up on schedule. It involves cautious arranging. Set a specific time window for the band to show up. Ensure the band has a right and clear course portrayal. Illuminate the band regarding conceivable traffic delays and the time they will travel. They ought to be quite loosened up when they realize that when they show up everything will be prepared. At the point when the gear is set up, the scenes sound professional will start setting the receivers. The sort of amplifier relies upon the sound the specialists likes, that is the reason the professional consistently cross-references with the craftsmen themselves to get the ideal screen and scene sound. In lesser supported and used scenes the specialist will most likely utilize the standard amplifiers. The unpracticed craftsmen for the most part think little of the significance of their speaker settings. Since each stage has their own accoustics, settings ought to be changed in like manner. Ensure the intensifier creates the prefered sound. The volume ought to be sufficient to be intensified further by the establishment of the house. In the event that the settings of the considerable number of enhancers is acceptable, the sound on the stage and scene will be acceptable also. As recently expressed, the sound in front of an audience and in the setting relies generally upon the sound of the gear in front of an audience. Ensure that the sound of the hardware in front of an audience is even. All intensified instruments, so no drumkit or horns and such, ought to ... <!

The Dangers of Cramming †Response

The Dangers of Cramming †Response Free Online Research Papers The article â€Å"The Dangers of Cramming† shows that the perils of keeping awake until late. The creator, Ablow, calls attention to understudies are familiarize to keeping awake until late when they plan for the tests. Here and there understudies use energizers to help them remaining wakeful. Be that as it may, if individuals use energizers excessively, it might cause some awful impacts. Individuals will misfortune fixation. What's more, there are some potential threats of substance misuse. Ablow additionally says that the result of nighthawks is different, and everybody has distinctive rest prerequisite. Utilizing energizers will cause numerous issues; the chiefly issue is that the individual will have scholarly passes. On the off chance that the dusk 'til dawn affairs have one great night rest, they can recuperate from dusk 'til dawn affairs rapidly. Moreover, understudies at times have sleep deprivation since they have a lot of weight before the test. Then again, dozing an excess of isn't so genuine, however whenever discouraged individuals rest an excessive amount of perhaps have mental issues. At last, Ablow proposes that we ought to have ordinary rest cycles. I totally concur with Ablow’s words since I have a few encounters with packing. Keeping awake until late is hurtful particularly for understudies. In the event that understudies don’t have enough rest, they can’t exceed expectations in learning. Accept my experience for instance; I used to hit the sack around twelve o’clock. Be that as it may, in some cases I keep awake until late as a result of doing schoolwork or getting ready for tests. Subsequently, the following day when I am in class, I can't focus on what the educator is discussing. Obviously, I can’t say anything silly regarding the educator or her instructing style. After the class I have to invest more energy considering. It burns through my available time as well as it doesn’t demonstrate that I learn more by essentially concentrating more. In the event that I don’t have enough rest I can’t think obviously, and it will influence my capacity to learn. In this way, having great rest is useful for learning and along these lines better for you. Utilizing energizers is a typical method to keep dusk 'til dawn affairs wakeful, however certainly it's anything but a decent way. At the point when we feel sluggish, we may drink some espresso or tea. I concur that it is a viable way however I don’t like it. The effect of Caffeine is unreasonably solid for me. When I kept awake until late and felt drowsy in class, I chose to have some espresso to make me alert. In any case, the out come was that I became insomnious in that night. I nodded off after three o’clock. It is actually a terrible encounter. From that point on, I don’t set out to drink espresso except if it is essential. Ablow says that Caffeine will cause some symptoms, for example, a beginning of nervousness, alarm cerebral pains. Research Papers on The Dangers of Cramming - ResponseStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionTrailblazing by Eric AndersonGenetic EngineeringHip-Hop is ArtThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Spring and AutumnEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital Punishment

Types of Psychotherapy for Depression

Types of Psychotherapy for Depression Depression Treatment Print Types of Psychotherapy for Depression By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 18, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 10, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Tetra Images / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Cognitive Therapy Behavioral Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy   Dialectical Behavior Therapy Psychodynamic Therapy Interpersonal Therapy   Psychotherapy Formats View All Psychotherapy is often called talk therapy because it involves an individual and a psychotherapist sitting in a room talking, but it is much more than that. Psychotherapists have training in a variety of techniques that may be employed in order to help people to recover from mental illness, resolve personal issues, and create desired changes in their lives. Psychotherapy can be an effective treatment for depression because it can help you delve into possible underlying reasons for your depression and learn new coping skills. Many of the therapeutic modalities described below have evidence supporting their benefit in treating depression. Several studies suggest, however, that the combination of an antidepressant and psychotherapy is the best approach, because of the biopsychosocial origins of most mood disorders. There are many different types of therapy that can be effective in treating depression. The kind that is right for you can depend on a variety of factors including the severity of your symptoms, your own personal preferences, and your therapy goals. Cognitive Therapy At the heart of cognitive therapy is the idea that our thoughts can affect our emotions. For example, if we choose to look for the silver lining in every experience, we will be more likely to feel good as opposed to if we only focus on the negative. Negative thoughts can contribute to and exacerbate depression. It is hard to feel good when you are stuck in a constant loop of negative thoughts. Cognitive therapy helps people learn to identify common patterns of negative thinking (known as cognitive distortions) and to turn those negative thought patterns into more positive ones, thus improving your mood. Cognitive therapy is usually short-term and goal-focused. Therapy sessions are structured with a specific plan for each session, and you will be expected to do homework practice outside of therapy. Cognitive therapy usually lasts between six to 18 weeks. How Cognitive Therapy Works Behavioral Therapy Where cognitive therapy is focused on the negative thoughts that contribute to depression, behavior therapy is centered on changing behaviors that impact emotions. One common focus of behavioral treatment for depression is behavioral activation. This entails helping patients engage in activities that will enhance their feelings of well-being. How Behavioral Therapy Works Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy   Because cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy work well together to help depression and anxiety disorders, the two are often combined in an approach called cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT focuses on addressing both the negative thought patterns as well as the behaviors that contribute to depression. Your therapist may ask you to keep a journal to track the events that happen in the week and any self-defeating and negative reactions to those events. Habitual negative responses to events (known as automatic negative reactions) are just one pattern of thinking you might address over the course of CBT. Other common response patterns include all-or-nothing thinking and overgeneralization.   Once you have learned how to identify this kind of response, you will work with your therapist to learn new thinking patterns and ways of responding. You might also practice positive self-talk. Like cognitive and behavioral therapy, CBT is usually brief and goal-oriented. It generally involves between five to 20 structured sessions centered around addressing specific concerns. CBT sessions are often accompanied by homework, which may include keeping a journal, practicing relaxation activities, completing readings, and using worksheets focused on specific goals. Research suggests that CBT can be effective in the treatment of depression and that it may have lasting effects that prevent future relapse of depressive symptoms.?? How Cognitive Behavior Therapy Works Dialectical Behavior Therapy Dialectical behavior therapy is a type of CBT. Its main goal is to teach people with depression the skills to cope with stress, regulate emotions, and improve relationships with others. This type of psychotherapy also incorporates mindfulness practices from Buddhist traditions and the use of crisis coaching in which an individual can call the therapist to receive guidance on how to handle difficult situations. As the person practices these new skills more and more, they will become better at handling these challenging situations on their own. The National Alliance on Mental Health states that DBT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of mental illnesses, including depression.   How Dialectical Behavior Therapy Works Psychodynamic Therapy Psychodynamic therapy, also sometimes known as psychoanalytic therapy, is based on the assumption that depression can occur because of unresolvedâ€"usually unconsciousâ€"conflicts, often originating from childhood. The goals of this type of therapy are for the patient to become more aware of their full range of emotions, including contradictory and troubling ones, and to help the patient more effectively bear these feelings and put them in a more useful perspective. Unlike some of the other treatment approaches for depression, psychodynamic therapy tends to be less focused and longer-term. This approach can be useful for finding connections in past experiences and seeing how those events might contribute to feelings of depression. This approach can also be helpful for building your self-awareness and increasing certain emotional capacities. How Psychoanalytic Therapy Works Interpersonal Therapy   Interpersonal conflict and poor social support can also contribute to feelings of depression. Interpersonal therapy is a type of therapy that focuses on these issues by addressing past and present social roles and interpersonal interactions. During treatment, the therapist generally chooses one or two problem areas in the persons current life to focus on. This type of therapy is usually brief and involves examining social relationships with important people in your life. This can include your relationships with your partner, friends, family, and co-workers. The goal is to identify the role these relationships play in your life and find ways of resolving conflicts that exist.   Your therapist might ask you to role-play different scenarios in order to practice and improve communication. By doing this, the hope is that you will be able to implement these strategies in your relationships and build a stronger social support system. How Interpersonal Therapy Works Psychotherapy Formats Psychotherapy can also be delivered in a number of different ways. In some cases, your treatment may incorporate two or more forms, such as meeting individually with your therapist followed by the occasional group session where you can practice new skills. Common psychotherapy formats include: Individual Therapy:  This modality involves one-on-one work between patient and therapist. It allows the patient to have the full attention of the therapist but is limited in that it does not allow the therapist an opportunity to observe the patient within social or family relationships.Family Therapy:  This approach is most useful when it is necessary to work on dynamics within the family group. Family therapy can be especially helpful for children and teens.Group Therapy:  Group therapy generally involves anywhere from three to 15 people. It offers everyone the opportunity to give and receive group support in coping with their particular issues and gives therapists the chance to observe how they interact in group settings. It may also be a less expensive alternative to individual therapy.Couples Therapy:  This type of therapy is geared toward married couples and those in committed relationships who desire to improve their functioning as a couple. How to Choose a Technique and Therapist Recommendations from others can often be the best way to find a good therapist but, in the end, its up to you to decide whether or not the two of you click. It may be helpful to interview a new therapist and, if you feel that things are not working, to try a new one. How to Find a Therapist

In-Depth Study of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - 2493 Words

POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER ABSTRACT: This article represents an in-depth study of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD in a holistic context. The main focus of this research is on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder from the physiological perscective. PTSD is a response mechanism of the mind to an actual or perceived traumatic event. Research has shown that cognitive factors, anxeity, and injuries for example due to car crashes are linked to and often responsible for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. However, research has shown that traumatic events such as war or any type of abuse are probably one of the major causes of PTSD. This article reveals the history of PTSD taking into account the time of World War One as well as theories proposed by Sigmund Freud and Pierre Janet. Initially, PTSD was a condition that was closely associated with military personnel alone. However, recent understanding of the physiology of the condition and modern circumstances has led PTSD to become a common diagnosis amongst the general population as well. Today, all races and age groups suffer from this condition. Researchers have across various medications that provide a relief from the post traumatic stress disorder. This paper will conclude with a look at some of the treatment for PTSD. Introduction: Factors Leading to PTSD Following an unusual and an unexpected event that is stressful one may develop characteristic symptoms that may differ slightly from person to person. PTSD is aShow MoreRelatedAbnormal Psychology: Abuse, Addiction, Disorders1880 Words   |  8 PagesPsychological Disorder Analysis ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: ABUSE, ADDICTION, amp; DISORDERS Psy 270 Jalisa Cooper February 4, 2012 Final paper Psychological Disorder Analysis Psychological disorders can be very debilitating for those who suffer from them. Psychological disorders affect a person’s ability to function normally in their daily lives. In regards to the case study of Nicole the patient Nicole is a 40-year-old Hispanic female who comes to the mental health clinical complainingRead MoreThe And Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1624 Words   |  7 Pagesor Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in title, it is still the same culprit that has caused countless devastation to those who are afflicted. The first thing to examine is what was the definition of shell shock. According to some online research, shell shock was defined as: psychological disturbance caused by prolonged exposure to active warfare, especially being under bombardment.(1)(Googlecom, 2016) The etiology of this disease is described thusly: You can develop post-traumatic stress disorderRead MoreAnalyzing The Coping Mechanisms And Strategies Of Missing Children Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesgrief prohibited by parents). C. There isn’t an independent variable in this study because they aren’t changing anything, they are observing. Now there is a dependent variable which is the grief exhibited but each family, meaning the family of a murdered child the family of a missing child. D. The control group wasn’t addressed in this article, so I don’t believe they had a control group. E. The participant of this study where the families of murdered or missing children, fathers, mothers, auntsRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1692 Words   |  7 PagesPost Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition that causes anxiety and distress due to an extremely terrifying event. PTSD occurs in people who have experienced an event that is life-threatening, terrifying to include seeing someone they personally know or don’t know endure death (Kalat, 2013, p. 383). Recently the Veterans Affairs Administration (VA) has seen significant rises in diagnosing and treating PTSD sufferers in returning combat soldier from Iraq and Afghanistan. According to theRead MoreCognitive Behavior Therapy For PTSD Essay2607 Words   |  11 PagesCognitive Behavior Therapy Based Treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders: Cognitive Processing Therapy Approach What do you do when you experience a life threatening, traumatic event, and months later you are still experiencing the same frightening responses? Individuals who experience trauma are often forced to face their problems long after the event has happened. The first step to dealing with this issue would be to seek professional help as soon as possibleRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Domestic Violence and Its Effects on Children1382 Words   |  6 Pageshypothesizes that traumatization underlies the difficulties these children experience†¦interventions should be designed to counteract post-traumatic disorders (p.422). The authors begin by defining the emotions experienced during the traumatic event of witnessing parental violence. These feelings include fear, helplessness and overstimulation. Next, they explain the traumatic process (p.424). An important element of this process is mental repetition of the event. Signs of repetition include nightmaresRead MoreHow Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Effects Sleep Disturbances Essay2140 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract So many people have experience a stress after a terrible accident, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and that could related to the sleep deprivation. The purpose of this study was to examined the relationship between two variables, which are sleep and stress in a participants who have experienced the terrible accident that considered a major life event. The datas in this study were collected from community college who are taking psychology 280 class. Both male and female in variousRead MoreA Catalog Of Mental Disorders1479 Words   |  6 Pages A Catalog of Mental Disorders Characterized in Whole or Part by Unreality Jonathan MacFarlane Georgia Gwinnett CollegeIntroduction Many—event most—mental disorders are diagnosed by identifying clusters of symptoms that cannot be detected by science. That is, they do not show up in a chemical test or under a microscope. There are medical tests that can be run to detect cancer, AIDS, Alzheimer’s disease; but there is no medical test for detecting depression. Within these abstract symptomsRead MoreThe Effects Of Electroconvulsive Therapy And Psychotherapy For Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1807 Words   |  8 Pages The Study between Electroconvulsive Therapy and Psychotherapy for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Domenica Cardoza University of Texas Pan-American â€Æ' Abstract Post-traumatic stress disorder is suffered by individuals who have experienced significantly stressful or upsetting events that has affected their everyday life, in particular individuals who have been in military combat or terroristic incidents. It is important to understand the different types of treatment that will be used in this studyRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1746 Words   |  7 Pagesof this earth due to mental or physical hardships these veterans face each and every day. One of the largest contributors to this huge amount of unnecessary deaths is the silent killer that is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a mental disorder that develops when someone experiences traumatic events or other moments in which their life is in jeopardy. The effects of PTSD can leave one feeling alone, anxious, hopeless, and turn them into a lesser version of themselves. Roughly fifteen

Themes of Antigone - 2022 Words

The Themes of Antigone Antigone is credited as one of the best works of Sophocles, ranked by most modern critics above Oedipus the King. There are many aspects of Antigone that make it the play critics love to decipher and rave about. Antigone must be received as the canon of ancient tragedy: no tragedy of antiquity that we possess approaches it in pure idealism, or in harmony of artistic development hails critic Berhardy (Theatre History). He goes on to rave It is the first poem produced by the union of the whole strength of the resources of which tragedy was capable: of all the extant works of Sophocles it is the most perfect: no other exhibits such a striking combination of subject, language and technique. There are a variety†¦show more content†¦Her relentless in pursuit of what she, a woman, thought was right. Another theme contained in the play is the threat of Tyranny or absolute power. Athenians were sensitive to the idea of tyranny and the fine line between a strong leader and a brutal ty rant. Creon was a sympathetic character but abused his power. His fault does not necessarily lie in his lust for power as he had noble intentions and was loyal to the state. His weakness was that he was human and susceptible to poor judgment (Classic Notes: Themes). He didn t consider public opinion until it was too late. One of the purposes of the Chorus is to illustrate the sway of public opinion. At first sight the chorus in the Antigone may seem weak, accommodating itself, as it does, without contradiction, to the tyrannous commands of Creon, and not once attempting a favorable representation in behalf of the young heroine. But it is necessary that she should stand alone in her resolution and its accomplishment, that she may appear in all her dignity: she must find no stay, no hold. The submissiveness of the chorus also increases the impression of the irresistible nature of the king s commands. So even in their last address to Antigone, there must be a mixture of painful recollections, that she may drain the full cup of earthly sorrows (Theatre History). In the end of the play, Creon is ruler over an orderly city,Show MoreRelatedTheme Of Antigone 964 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor: Kennedy ENC 1102 April 12, 2016 Theme In Antigone Sweeping dramas of rival families and of rival family members seeking control of a kingdom are very popular now. One obvious example is Game of Thrones, which continues to break viewership records and also engender controversy. Such sagas, however, are nothing new. Antigone, a play by Sophocles and the sequel to Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes, provides an ancient Greek perspective on the themes of power, duty, and law while providingRead MoreMain Theme Of Antigone942 Words   |  4 PagesThemes are important to any story; they give the reader a sense of background and understanding when it comes to the events unfolding in the story. Many literary works include multiple themes, all of which convey  important ideas about humanity and the way that society functions. In  Antigone  by Sophocles, themes exist such as determination, the conflict between conscience and law, the conflict between divine and human law, and familial loyalty.  One key and central theme of Ant igone is the importanceRead MoreTheme Of Conflict In Antigone973 Words   |  4 PagesElizabeth Heeb Doctor Pratt Intellectual Heritage I (IH 851) 28 September 2017 Moral Conflict and Internal Change in Antigone Beliefs are not always based on facts that you would find in a textbook-they are something that one believes is true. When I first read Sophocles’ play Antigone, my initial impression of Creon was that his beliefs of the law and the state were rational because of his role as a ruler. But as the play progressed, I began to disagree with his behavior and his values becauseRead MoreAntigone Theme Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesIn the story Antigone by Sophocles, the theme guilt and innocence, as wells as morals play a huge role between characters, specifically the female character Antigone, the ruler of the city, Creon, Antigone’s sister, Ismene, and Antigone’s husband, Haimon. Antigone and Haimon represent innocence for many reasons. Their morals lead the two in a direction to honor Antigone’s brother, Antigone protects her sister from certain death, and the lovers commits suicide for the sake of innocence itself. CreonRead MoreAntigone- Theme of Family Loy alty1484 Words   |  6 PagesBetrayal of Family Loyalty In the play Antigone, written by Greek playwright Sophocles, loyalty to family seems to be a recurring theme. We first see it when Antigone defies King Creons order to keep her brother, Polynices, unburied as a punishment for his betrayal of their country Thebes. We also see how Antigones sister, Ismene, accepts partial blame for the burial (even though she refused to actually do it) in an affectionate, loyal act. Creon is also family (their fathers brother), butRead MoreAntigone : The Theme Of Violence In Literature707 Words   |  3 Pagesliterature, violence was used for a purpose. Antigone is filled with many violent imagery, countless arguments causing conflict between characters, and the violence of many murders and suicides. Pride, myth, and gender inequality are also major themes throughout the play. In the book, How to Read Literature Like a Professor, Foster helps the reader get a better understanding on how to thoroughly analyze its context. It can help reading tough writing, like Antigone, a little bit easier by breaking the textRead MoreThe Theme of Fatalism in Antigone1032 Words   |  4 Pagesrole in doing so as one is not a free agent because future(in tragedies, reversal of fortune) is predetermined - even if one knows and attempts to avoid it. Antigone is the daughter of the Oedipus and the sister of Polyneices and Eteocles. King Creon passed a royal edict banning anyone from burying disgraced Polyneices dead body. Antigone is portrayed as a heroine rebel who does not fear forces from governments, has a different mindset to that of Ismene, her submissive sister. She made the choiceRead MoreTheme Of Conflict In Antigone983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Greek tragedy, Antigone, explores a dramatic conflict between the individual and the state. The epicenter of this tragedy revolves around the juxtaposition of Antigone and Creon—symbols of the moral law and the human law. They embody moral arguments that converge in opposition to one another, but since both parties failed to accept each other’s opinion, both were defeated at the end. This ensures no explicit answer on which side should take precedence over the other, making the play ambiguousRead MoreTheme Of Love In Antigone1033 Words   |  5 Pages In Antigone there are many examples of love and war throughout the play. The chorus plays a big role in explaining how love and war both take place. Love and war can not only be seen by th e plot of the story, but can also be observed within many of the characters. Love is shown for the dead and other family members, war is shown by suicide, and people standing up for themselves and what they believe in. The are many examples of the characters showing the love that they have for one another, butRead MoreThe Themes And Summary Of Antigone By Sophocles1318 Words   |  6 PagesSummary of Antigone â€Å"Antigone† is a tragedy made by the author Sophocles. Antigone starts out in Thebes in a post-war atmosphere. There was a war between two brothers for the crown of Thebes. The two brothers kill each other on the battle field resulting in one of the brothers receiving the people’s love and the other being labeled as a traitor to Thebes â€Å"Both brothers were killed in Battle.† Creon, the new king of Thebes, has decided because of Polyneices betrayal he shall not receive a soldier’s

AS Music Baroque Ensemble Music Free Essays

Music History Project 4: Baroque ensemble music: 1. What is meant by rounded form? Discuss its origins and main sections. Why was repetition so important for Baroque composers? Rounded form is where the opening passage in the tonic key keeps coming back around, the most common pattern generally being ABACA. We will write a custom essay sample on AS Music: Baroque Ensemble Music or any similar topic only for you Order Now The A section is called the refrain or rounded and the non-A passages are called episodes or couplets. The rounded form originated in France, and was first the name of a medieval song with a repeating pattern. Later composers n the Classical era preferred to use the Italian spelling of the word, rondo. Repetition in Baroque music was important for composers and audiences, because composers of the Baroque era often wrote vast amounts of music as part of their employment, so were almost forced to adopt such time saving methods. Audiences of the Baroque era also were not able to fast forward, rewind or replay parts of music like we can today, so repetition allowed the audience to stay on track, and not lose the plot of the piece. 2. The binary form in Baroque music: describe the structure and comment on analogy as would occur in the different sections: A vast amount of Baroque pieces, especially ones based on dances, are in binary form, which is music where there are two distinctly separate sections, each usually repeated. The letters ABA are often used to describe binary form in music. The two sections might be similar in length, or the second might be longer than the first. In binary form, section A usually begins in the tonic key, and then ends in another key, often the dominant, or if the starting key is minor, for instance, section A might end in its relative major. Section B, however, usually goes through keys not previously heard in the piece, and then ends in the tonic key. 3. Compare and contrast Baroque instrumental music with that of the Renaissance : Instrumental music was much more important and plentiful in the Baroque period than it had previously been, when the majority of music was vocal. The improved instrument technology helped, and allowed and encouraged composers to develop genuinely instrumental ways of writing. Much of the Renaissance period music was written for voices only, and some Renaissance style music for instruments is very vocal in its character. The more vocal styles of Renaissance music, contrasting with the instrumental music of the Baroque period is the main difference between the two. 4. In paragraphs of approximately 75 words summaries information on the following Baroque instrumental families: Strings Woodwind Brass Keyboard Strings: The first Violins, Violas and Cellos were made in Italy in the late 16th century. For some time, these instruments, called the Violin family, were used alongside instruments from the Viol family, but gradually overtook them in popularity. The Baroque bow was straight or arch shaped rather than inward curving as today, the ridge was marginally lower, and its curve shallower, which in turn made multiple stopping easier. The neck bent back at a slightly larger angle, and with the lower bridge, therefore put the strings at a lower tension, making the sound less powerful. Woodwind: Recorders were heavily used throughout the Baroque period, the most commonly used type being f alto (treble). Recorders fell out of use after the Baroque period, coming back into use in the late 20th century. Baroque flutes were normally made out of wood, with finger holes and Just one key for a hard to reach bass note. The done flutes lacked some of the sound quality of modern metal ones; they could not reach such high notes, and were held sideways. Oboe players produced sound, the same as they still do to this day, by blowing between two reeds. The Baroque oboe developed from the Shawn, a more powerful, even harsh instrument, which was often played outdoors. In some Baroque pieces, oboes doubled (played the same parts as) violins, but they sometimes had solo roles. Brass: Trumpets in Baroque music were often connected with royal and military ceremonies, and were therefore regarded as a special instrument. They had no valves, so different notes were played by the musician using different lip pressures. Early brass instruments without valves are called ‘natural’. Trombones were largely favored in Venice in the early sass’s, mainly in ceremonial music for performance in church. Baroque trombones were less powerful than modern ones, so could therefore be better combined with softer instruments. To distinguish modern from Baroque instruments, the latter are mainly known as ‘sackbuts’, or ‘sackbuts’. Horns are found in some later Baroque pieces, including Bach’s Brandenburg concerto No. , which includes a horn called corn dad acacia, (Italian for ‘hunting horn’). The corona dad acacia shared the rounded shape of the modern horn, but lacked valves and had a lighter, brighter sound, and was often used in high pitched sections of pieces. Keyboard: Harpsichords are keyboard instruments which have strings that are mechanically plucked when the keys are pressed. Harpsichords from the Baroque period vary in tone and construction from country to country. Clavichords are keyboard instruments that have strings which are hit by tangents’ when the keys, which have a seesaw like action, are pressed. In the Baroque period, Clavichords were used mainly in Germany. They had a quiet sound, which therefore made them inappropriate for use at big public concerts, but ideal for making music at home. Unlike Harpsichords, Clavichords were touch sensitive, and in this way, along with the hammer sound production, they were like modern pianos. Organs varied vastly in their size, construction and tone. German organs commonly had two or more manuals and pedals. English organs, on the other hand, normally had no pedals and rarely more than one manual. 5. What is meant by ‘retooling? Retooling form is the form that many late Baroque pieces, especially those from concertos, are in. The form is similar to Rounded, but more sophisticated. An opening passage is heard on two or more occasions throughout the piece, but not always necessarily in full, with other passages in between. These so called ‘in between’ passages, sometimes a lot longer than the riotousness, are called ‘episodes’ and are often for fewer instruments. A retooling can also be an instrumental passage within a vocal piece. . Describe briefly the structure off typical Baroque suite: There is no axed pattern of movement in Baroque suites, but later examples included the following dances, in this order: Allemande: usually moderate speed or fairly slow, in 4/4 time, with a short upbeat and plenty of gentle semiquaver movement. Current: quick or fairly q uick, in 3/4 or 3/2 Serenade: slow triple time, usually 3/4, often with the second beat of the bar emphasizes. Segue; quick and lively, usually in a compound time such as 12/8 7. Explain how Baroque composers would expand on the dances that would appear in a suite. What changes would they bring into their music? Dances are generally in binary form, but composers sometimes extended their work in one of the following ways: Two dances of the same kind (both binary) appear in the order first dance, second dance, first dance repeated, producing a kind of ternary (ABA) structure. Two versions of a single dance are given, the first ‘plain’, the second with much more ornamentation added. Some modern performers play the plain dance complete, with both sections repeated and then the double similarly. Baroque composers may have sometimes played either the plain dance or the double, not both. How to cite AS Music: Baroque Ensemble Music, Papers

Teenage Depression Essays (979 words) - Abnormal Psychology

Teenage Depression Depression is a disease that afflicts the human psyche in such a way that the afflicted tends to act and react abnormally toward others and themselves. Therefore it comes to no surprise to discover that adolescent depression is strongly linked to teen suicide. Adolescent suicide is now responsible for more deaths in youths aged 15 to 19 than cardiovascular disease or cancer (Blackman, 1995). Despite this increased suicide rate, depression in this age group is greatly underdiagnosed and leads to serious difficulties in school, work and personal adjustment which may often continue into adulthood. How prevalent are mood disorders in children and when should an adolescent with changes in mood be considered clinically depressed? Brown (1996) has said the reason why depression is often over looked in children and adolescents is because "children are not always able to express how they feel." Sometimes the symptoms of mood disorders take on different forms in children than in adults. Adolescence is a time of emotional turmoil, mood swings, gloomy thoughts, and heightened sensitivity. It is a time of rebellion and experimentation. Blackman (1996) observed that the "challenge is to identify depressive symptomatology which may be superimposed on the backdrop of a more transient, but expected, developmental storm." Therefore, diagnosis should not lay only in the physician's hands but be associated with parents, teachers and anyone who interacts with the patient on a daily basis. Unlike adult depression, symptoms of youth depression are often masked. Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors (Oster & Montgomery, 1996). Mood disorders are often accompanied by other psychological problems such as anxiety (Oster & Montgomery, 1996), eating disorders (Lasko et al., 1996), hyperactivity (Blackman, 1995), substance abuse (Blackman, 1995; Brown, 1996; Lasko et al., 1996) and suicide (Blackman, 1995; Brown, 1996; Lasko et al., 1996; Oster & Montgomery, 1996) all of which can hide depressive symptoms. The signs of clinical depression include marked changes in mood and associated behaviors that range from sadness, withdrawal, and decreased energy to intense feelings of hopelessness and suicidal thoughts. Depression is often described as an exaggeration of the duration and intensity of "normal" mood changes (Brown 1996). Key indicators of adolescent depression include a drastic change in eating and sleeping patterns, significant loss of interest in previous activity interests (Blackman, 1995; Oster & Montgomery, 1996), constant boredom (Blackman, 1995), disruptive behavior, peer problems, increased irritability and aggression (Brown, 1996). Blackman (1995) proposed that "formal psychologic testing may be helpful in complicated presentations that do not lend themselves easily to diagnosis." For many teens, symptoms of depression are directly related to low self esteem stemming from increased emphasis on peer popularity. For other teens, depression arises from poor family relations which could include decreased family support and perceived rejection by parents (Lasko et al., 1996). Oster & Montgomery (1996) stated that "when parents are struggling over marital or career problems, or are ill themselves, teens may feel the tension and try to distract their parents." This "distraction" could include increased disruptive behavior, self-inflicted isolation and even verbal threats of suicide. So how can the physician determine when a patient should be diagnosed as depressed or suicidal? Brown (1996) suggested the best way to diagnose is to "screen out the vulnerable groups of children and adolescents for the risk factors of suicide and then refer them for treatment." Some of these "risk factors" include verbal signs of suicide within the last three months, prior attempts at suicide, indication of severe mood problems, or excessive alcohol and substance abuse. Many physicians tend to think of depression as an illness of adulthood. In fact, Brown (1996) stated that "it was only in the 1980's that mood disorders in children were included in the category of diagnosed psychiatric illnesses." In actuality, 7-14% of children will experience an episode of major depression before the age of 15. An average of 20-30% of adult bipolar patients report having their first episode before the age of 20. In a sampling of 100,000 adolescents, two to three thousand will have mood disorders out of which 8-10 will commit suicide (Brown, 1996). Blackman (1995) remarked that the suicide rate for adolescents has increased more than 200% over the last decade. Brown (1996) added that an estimated 2,000 teenagers per year commit suicide in the United States, making it the leading cause of death after accidents and homicide. Blackman (1995) stated that it is not uncommon for young people to be preoccupied with issues of mortality and to contemplate the effect their death would have on